D) Extend international influence through trade. Which of the following describes a difference between Bodnar's and Ewen's arguments in the excerpts about immigrants in the late 1800s? Focused on moral improvement and exposing squalid tenement housing agencies, in response to rising power of big business, increasing gap b/w rich and poor, violent conflict b/w labor and capital, woman's suffrage, and dominance of corrupt political machines in the cities; favored changes or reform through governmental action; reformers spoke out about the need for laws regulating tenement housing and child labor; called for better working conditions for women, wanted to end capitalism and public ownership of factories, utilities, railroads, and communications systems, replace private property and a profit-based economy with public ownership and communal control of at least the major means of production (e.g., mines, mills, and factories) and the natural resources of a society, production and distribution are privately or corporately owned; investments determined by private decision; prices, production, and the distribution of goods are determined mainly by competition in a free market; Suffrage: right to vote, struggle for women, 19th Amendment, reaction to public distrust of big corporations; Theodore Roosevelt's 1902 State of the Union message gave high priority to breaking up business monopolies; TR's attorney general filed suit against Northern Securities Company, giant holding company created to control railroading in Northwest, for violating Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890, to deprive (a person) of the right to vote or other rights of citizenship, journalists/writers who wanted to expose corruption, Pres. Define the term political machine. are there any similarities between the parties? Platform was almost all of the progressive movements - lower tariffs, woman suffrage, business regulation, abolition of child labor, 8-hour workday, workers compensation, direct primaries, popular election of senators, recall petition, voters can remove a public official from office if have enough signatures, voters can enact a law or express their views on proposed measure, beautifying environment (mainly through Acts), Pure Food and Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act, outlaw adulterated foods and drugs and required accurate ingredient labels; sanitary rules to meat packaging; hope is to regain public's confidence and support, controlled as part of urban beautification, improved, TR set of progressive policies, aimed to regulate big businesses, help organized labor, protect consumers, conserve nation's resources and environment, powerfully engage the federal government in reform; corporate order to stay, big businesses must be regulated in the public interest, welfare of workers, consumers safeguarded, and environment protected, his life was proof that US is a land of opportunity; "rags to riches"; entrepreneur who had risen through self-discipline and hard work; steelmaker; immigrated to US at young age; he was ambitious and hardworking; he worked 60-hr workday and night courses; became city's fastest telegraph operator; @ age 24, head of Pennsylvania railroad western division; combines new tech with cost analysis from RR experience first steelmaker to establish actual production cost of steel; cut costs and developed a basis for deciding when to invest in new furnaces and machinery, controlling all aspects of manufacturing (from raw material finished product), merging competing companies into one giant system (Rockefeller and oil companies), legal instrument that spells out the beneficiaries and what the money can be spent for, young Cleveland merchant, who gradually achieved dominance; resembled the opportunistic steelmaker; passion for cost cutting and efficiency; realized mass production enterprise could save 1000s of $$; aggressively forced out his competitors; by 1879, seized control of 90% of country's oil refining capacity, book by Upton Sinclair; graphically vividly described the foul conditions in meatpacking plants, and exploitation of immigrant workers; led to women's organization and consumer groups, public opinion on issue, Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act, run city like an efficient business; would reduce immigrant' political clout and increased influence of the corporate elite; business interests support, confidential voting system; local government strengthened, replacing the corrupt current system; first presidential election using secret ballots was 1892; harder to rig elections, rank and file voters rather than party bosses to select to compete in general election, voters can instruct the legislature to consider a specific bill, American railroad developer and speculator; faced large financial and organizational problems, railroads got generous land and loan subsidies from federal, state, and local governments--> huge debt of all U.S. railroads; created large integrated track networks, expanded railroad industry; depicted as villain and robber baron who manipulated stock markets and company policies, against any government intervention in business affairs, passed because of rising public concern with the growing power and wealth of corporations, particularly railroads; required railroad rates to be "reasonable and just"; set up Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)- had power to investigate and prosecute pools, rebates, and other discriminatory practices, took over weakened railroad systems, reorganized their administration, refinanced their debts, and built intersystem alliances, Protestant clergymen supported the cause of social justice for the poor; meant the importance of applying Christian principles to social problems; led by NY minister, Walter Rauschenbusch; encouraged many middle-class Protestants to attack urban problems, set up commission to prepare competitive examinations and establish standards of merit for variety of federal jobs; made it illegal to fire or demote government employees for political reasons; opened up new positions for women, who now held nearly 1/3 of the jobs as federal clerks in govt. the supreme court case wabash v. illinois laid the groundwork for which law? became famous for writing a book describing the way that New York Citys government actually worked. Tammany claimed to speak for the working classes and was able to marshal the ward votes to prove it. 7 Who was the leader of the political machine? The artists believed in portraying scenes from everyday life in starkly realistic detail. Successful - wage reductions restored, Organization created to encourage the enjoyment and protection of the wilderness in the mountain regions of the pacific coast The election of Franklin Roosevelt to the presidency in 1932 and Fiorello La Guardia as Mayor of New York City in 1933 finally began the break Tammanys hold on New York politics. a rich family or inherited wealth. 5 What was the most famous political machine in NYC? Use the key terms to complete the following sentence: ___________________ is caused by scarce resources or an increase in the cost of getting those resources. Tweed Ring/Tammany Hall Political machine in New York City that helped Irish immigrants rise up in American politics, controlled democratic party nominations and patronage. Answer: C) The economic needs and social ambitions of young immigrants could be in conflict. B) They experienced a growth of access to leisure time. Answer: C) The passage of legislation to ban immigration from eastern Asia. Citizen Initiative Overview. d. an expense. What was the political machine in New York in the 1800s? Eminent American novelist and critic, whose championing of such diverse American writers as Stephen Crane, Frank Norris, Henry James, and Mark Twain made him the most influential literary force of his day. What is a tariff? What is mean by the term currency issue in the content of the Gilded Age? Histology Celebration of Learning (edited), APUSH Period 6 Progress Check+Daily Video Que. By the early 1800s, Tammany leaders had to reassess their political direction. Printer Friendly. The Democratic Party adopted the most important plank of the Populist Partys platform, leading to its demise. American writer who lived in England. Which of the two is most closely associated with the New Deal? As the city grew in the 1850s and 1860s, so did the reach of Tweed and the Tammany Ring. D) The growth of Populist political platforms encouraged economic reform. mayor of Chicago who ordered the police to protect the protesters in the Chicago Movement. D) Sharecropping emerged in the Reconstruction era, channeling farmers into new labor systems. When did the Progressive Era begin and when did it end? Rewrite the sentence, adding a prepositional phrase to modify the noun, verb, or adjective within the inverted comma. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. What are the differences between political parties of the Gilded Age . WebPolitical machines are groups that control activities of a political party. Pros of political machines are that they provide order and was used as a powerful bargaining tool to gain patronage to win the modern election. Also a blogger, keynote speaker, editor, podcast host, and conference presenter. Financial panics in the 1890s and the beginning of the Great Depression in 1929 boosted calls for change. Function. C) They faced declining working conditions. Other American cities were so impressed they hired them to create similar parks in their cities. which of the following ethnic groups was part of the wave of the "new" immigrants that entered the united states at the turn of the century? The APR was p%. A) The adoption of beliefs of Social Darwinism helped justify inequalities of wealth. A) Social Darwinists argued that competition among immigrant workers would benefit the economy. Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to support Addams' argument in the excerpt about politics in the late 1880s? C) The consolidation of large industries facilitated mass production. Tammany Hall was the archetype of the political machines that flourished in many American cities in the late 1800s and early 1900s. The Party of Lincoln could boast of victory in the Civil War and encouraged supportersmany of them veterans of the US Armyto vote as they shot. The Republican coalition included white, Anglo-Saxon Protestants; rural northerners and westerners; and African American men. Farmers generally responded to industrialization in the late nineteenth century in which of the following ways? What was Tammany Hall? Answer: B) Chief Joseph believed that Native American tribes had a right to sovereignty, while Commissioner Parker believed that Native American tribes were not sovereign nations. Answer: C) Ewen asserts that some immigrants sought personal fulfilment, whereas Bodnar asserts that most immigrants focused on supporting their families over individualism. B) Food prices rose as a result of increased demand for grain from coastal port cities. The Republican Party supported business and industry with a protective tariff and hard money policies. D) Rural immigrant populations outpaced those of cities as access to land became easier. Its perhaps not surprising that in this era of ineffective government, one of the most successful third-party movements in US history emerged. A) Immigrants were often enslaved as laborers in northern factories and mills. political entities controlled by a boss that wielded enormous influence over the government of urban cities. construction was completed. Challenged long-dominant business interests: direct-primary system, railroad regulatory commission, increased corporate taxes, limited campaign spending The citys millionaire business class mounted a brief challenge to Tammany control in the 1890s, opening investigations into police corruption and funding political candidates, but as the century ended, Tammany politicians and organizers remained powerful and prosperous. His demise did not mean the end of Tammany power, however. Very corrupt, controlled tax rates, gave tax breaks to their allies and controlled prices and business, etc. B) Women claimed that their participation in reform movements would increase support for women's rights. In this article, well compare the platforms, constituents, and actions of the three political parties during the Gilded Age. In political terminology, the initiative is a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. Which of these two parties consisted mostly of Protestants? Their 1908 display was the first art show in the U.S. and included artists such as George Bellows and Edward Hopper. A) Both argue that the strength of immigrant families weakened in the United States. | $4.0$ | No | City bosses and urban political machines in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries did which of the following? Not only is urban history a field unto itself, it also touches on social, economic, political, and technological history. The Churchill Corporation uses a periodic inventory system and the LIFO inventory cost method for its one product. It is also known as the patronage system. Reforms gained national attention as "Wisconsin Idea", APUSH CH. 5. Answer: B) New commercial centers and communities emerged along rail lines. It involves subjects as seemingly disparate as the settlement patterns of immigrants who came into cities, the I have a question with regards to the success of the THIRD-PARTY MOVEMENT during this era. Why or why not? Election District Captain Organized support at local level $$ Tammany Hall members adopted many Native American terms and symbols, for example calling their meeting hall a wigwam and their leader a Grand Sachem.. D) Government subsidies facilitated the construction of transportation and communication networks. A) Federal civil service reform led to a reduction in the number of political patronage jobs. Select the best choice from among the possible answers given. Did the Populists succeed? He eventually attracted the censure of reform-minded journalists and disgruntled competitors and was finally toppled by the joint efforts of the New York Times, State Attorney General Samuel Tilden, and political cartoonist Thomas Nast. The Gilded Age began shortly before the start of Americas Second Industrial Revolution and ended ten years after the start of the Progressive Era. | $0.1$ | No | Two of the variables measured were (1) the amount of dioxide (milligrams/liter) present in the water specimen and (2) whether or not oil was present in the water specimen. D) Federal support to protect the voting rights of African Americans. They remained opposed to the powerful Clinton machine, though they were considered the less influential group until the War of 1812 brought a change of fortune. (when?). A) The federal government frequently intervened in the economy to minimize class conflict. WebTeaching the history of urbanization poses a challenge for teachers of AP United States History courses. The Democratic Party opposed the tariff and eventually adopted the free silver platform. They didn't want inflation, they wanted access to capital for developing farms and building homes for families of common people. Direct link to pwvandervorst's post I would say that the immi, Posted 2 years ago. Which of the following developments most likely explains the trade policies Burlingame advocates in the excerpt? D) New immigrants mostly settled on western farms along rail lines. Which of the following best describes a similarity between the arguments made by Chief Joseph and Commissioner Parker in the excerpts? Name and briefly describe one major similarity and one major difference between the three political parties of the Gilded Age? But, on the other hand, the two major political parties (the Democrats and Republicans) were both riddled with corruption and scandal. William Magear Tweed (April 3, 1823 April 12, 1878), often erroneously referred to as William Marcy Tweed (see below), and widely known as Boss Tweed, was an American politician most notable for being the boss of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of . A period of enormous economic growth and lavish displays of wealth during the last quarter of the nineteenth century. Table 1 shows the prices in 2016. Some economists say that the government can continue running a budget deficit forever. Tammany Hall, or simply Tammany, was the name given to a powerful political machine that essentially ran New York City throughout much of the 19th century. The Democrats championed state and local control of government, opposed the protectionist tariff, and regarded personal liberty as more important than moral reform. In the space provided, write the letter of the choice that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the Place each word in Direct link to 4804130818 isa's post in the people party why , Posted 5 months ago. A) Both argued that the spread of Christianity was a positive influence on American Indians. The first state to adopt the initiative was South Dakota in 1898. Addams' point of view expressed in the excerpt supports which of the following historical arguments? His most important works were McTeague, a powerful story of the tragedy caused by greed in the lives of ordinary people; an uncompleted trilogy The Epic of Wheat in which two novels, The Octopus and The Pit were written. It also overlapped the Era of Reconstruction. I n 1881 he became an editor of the New York Evening Post and in 1883 editor in chief, carrying the Nation, by then an influential critical weekly, with him as a weekly in connection with the Post. How will the development above affect the accounting for Commonwealth Edisons bond issue? Paper Samples; Flashcards and Q&A; political machines. Middle-class reformers allied with Progressive national leaders and newsmen like William Randolph Hearst to shine a revealing light on shady Tammany activities. C) Decreased economic competition from European empires B) Immigrants typically acquired their own plots of land and became subsistence farmers. c. a liability. C) Reformers encouraged city residents to fight corruption by joining utopian communities. Answer: B) Increased demand for resources and markets for goods, A) Increased need for laborers on railroad-building projects Answer: D) New industrial machines increased the number of goods that factories could make. B) They demanded legislation to reduce immigration so as to minimize competition for farmland. However, more accountable and honest democratic processes were instituted later in the Progressive Era, such as reforms of initiative, referendum, and 6 What are some examples of political machines? Bond Markets Answer: D) Government subsidies facilitated the construction of transportation and communication networks. Their support for Andrew Jackson in 1828 earned them the right to determine appointments to federal jobs in New York, bringing with it firm control of the New York Democratic Party and most subsequent elections. $$ One of the most infamous of these political machines was Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party machine that played a major role in controlling New York City and New York politics and helping immigrants, most notably the Irish, rise up in American politics from the 1790s to the 1960s. Although he had no political experience, the idea was that his war-hero status would carry him to victory. Which of the two can claim to have banned slavery in the United States? The once invincible Tammany Hall machine had disappeared completely from the political scene by the late 1960s. C) Both argued against the signing of treaties to take American Indian lands. WebThis APUSH & U.S. History BUNDLE includes 5 political cartoon analysis activities & PowerPoints and over 25 political cartoons and images to help with analyzing key historical themes and topics for Period 6 (1865-1898) in AP U.S. History. D) The ban on immigration from eastern Asia. C) Populists sought to develop commercial farming through the expansion of transportation networks. He was arrested on charges of financial corruption and died in a city jail in 1872. Which of the following best explains a similarity between the characteristics of immigration described in the poem and earlier immigration to the United States? Magazines became available to a broader middle-class audience. He was arrested on charges of financial corruption and died in a city jail in 1872. Tammany members supported the War of 1812, which proved to be politically popular among New York voters. Direct link to 133035's post it didnt, Posted 2 years ago. Which of the following pieces of evidence would refute Postel's claim in the first paragraph of the excerpt about the "ethos of modernity and progress" and the Populists? Direct link to Ana M. Ciria's post I have a question with re, Posted 2 years ago. The transportation development described in the excerpt had which of the following effects on agriculture in the United States? WebPolitical Machine Well organized political organization that controls election results by awarding jobs and other favors in exchange for votes. The hard money policy was particularly distressing for farmers because it made paying back loans difficult. Legislative reference library - lawmakers not dependent on corporate lobbyists for factual information Theres a strange contradiction in Gilded Age politics: on one hand, it was the golden age of American political participation. B) In both periods, the United States imported more natural resources after claiming overseas colonies through the Monroe Doctrine. He was a crooked politician and money maker. A) The fur trade developed in the 1600s, fostering new forms of interactions between peoples. In the years after the Civil War, the Republican Party dominated the office of the presidency. (Be careful answering this last one; this one isnt as easy as you might think.). C) In both periods, the United States acquired more natural resources by increasing peaceful trade with American Indian groups. During the Gilded Age, reformers argued that economic greed and self-interest had corrupted all levels of government. WebThe Peoples Party, commonly called the Populists, emerged as a major force in national politics in the 1890s. Most machines developed within major cities and were run by bosses who had influence over elected officials. WebA person who controls a faction or local branch of a political party and tries to attain votes from other parties. Appealed directly to congress to pressure the government for a women's suffrage amendment. William Tweed, head of Tammany Hall, NYC's powerful democratic political machine in 1868. Case legalizing sterilization of criminals, sex offenders, and mentally ill Editor who established the Nation magazine in 1865. I would say that the immigrants changed the political structure slightly, such a great influx of immigrants maybe would change the support certain people got in gov?? History courses spread of Christianity was a positive influence on American Indians shine a revealing light on shady activities. 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Economic needs and social ambitions of young immigrants could be in conflict utopian communities disappeared completely from the machine... Offenders, and conference presenter more natural resources by increasing peaceful trade with American Indian lands revealing...
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