advantages and disadvantages of the animal welfare act 2006

Section 2.5 Duration of license and termination of license. 2.1 (a)(1)). Secure .gov websites use HTTPS (a) A class "A" dealer (breeder) shall identify all live dogs and cats as indicated in section 2.50 (a). (Sect. Such animals may need fewer veterinary interventions, use of special feed supplements, or other growth stimulants. Use ourAnimal Welfare Act Quick Reference Guides. The quality of water and air were maintained with the existence of essential life forms. Animal welfare By Dr. Rabie Hassan Fayed Prof. of Animal Management & Behaviour 2. introduction Science, Ethics and Law Welfare science considers effects of humans on the animal from the animal's point of view Welfare ethics considers human actions towards animals Welfare legislation considers how humans must treat animals 3. After all, pain leads to production losses which have major economic repercussions. (b) Any carrier or intermediate handler shall only accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any live rabbit in a primary enclosure which conforms to the requirements set forth in section 3.6l of the standards:Provided, however,That any carrier or intermediate handler may accept.any live rabbit.if such consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate, signed by the consignor, stating that the primary enclosure complies with section 3.61 of the standard, unless such primary enclosure is obviously defective or damaged and it is apparent that it cannot, reasonably be expected to contain the live rabbit without causing suffering or injury to such live rabbit. The, Food Security Act of 1985. There is a proviso that field studies as defined in Part 1 are exempt from this requirement. Ethics; ANS 150 Animal Welfare/Rights. The Act is enforced by USDA , APHIS, Animal Care. Application is to be made on a form furnished by the AC Regional Director and is to be filed with the AC Regional Director in the state in which that person operates or intends to operate. Section 3.139 Food and water requirements. The certification must be securely attached to the outside of the primary enclosure in a manner that makes it easily noticed and read. Section 3.113 Primary enclosures used to transport marine mammals. With each passing day, there is unfortunately another dog cruelty case reported on television or posted on the Internet. The domains of the most up-to-date Model described here are: 1 Nutrition, 2 Physical Environment, 3 Health, 4 Behavioural Interactions and 5 Mental State. Cattle live healthier, happier and more active lives. From Subchapter A--Animal Welfare, 9 C.F.R. The model has a number of advantages which include the following: the systematic identification of a wide range of impacts associated with a variety of control tools; the production of relative rankings of tools in terms of their welfare impacts; the easy incorporation of new information into assessments; and the highlighting of additional While USDA considers the humane treatment of animals to be important, the USDA's regulatory authority does not extend to farm animals used for food, fiber, or other agricultural purposes. Companies who buy meat, milk, egg, and wool products from farmers will require themtoenroll incertification programs, which sets standards for the humane care and treatment of livestock and poultry. Section 1 defines an "animal" as a vertebrate (other than a human) from the sub-phylum vertebrata of the phylum chordata. A "protected . 12 May 2021. They improve plant growth and physiological activities of plants. Inaccurate results. A practical approach to animal welfare law lays out the central. improve welfare and reduce losses in poultry. The Animal Welfare Act 2006 (the 2006 Act) is the principal law relating to animal welfare. The certificate is to include at least the information required in section 3.112 (c)(1)-(4). 3.13 (b)). A copy of such certificate shall accompany the shipment to destination. (Sect.3.8 (d)(1)). The certification must include the information required in section 3.13 (c)(1)-(4). Select the 4 resources to the right to read the original Act and some of its amendments. Section 2.78 Health certification and identification. (Sect. (d)(3)). 3.13 (c)). Most individuals only define dog abuse as deliberately inflicting pain or simply the failure to take care of the animal (Animal Abuse). (c) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless the consignor certifies in writing to the carrier or intermediate handler that the dog or cat was offered food and water during the 4 hours before delivery to the carrier or intermediate handler. Save Paper 2 Page 256 Words Drugs used to prevent and treat cancer, HIV, diabetes, and other serious conditions have all been tested on animals first. Along with the physical atrocities that humans are forcing these vulnerable animals into, humans are also isolating them from their own kind, confining them in barren cages, and thus traumatizing them for the rest of their lives. Accordingly, you may wish to contact the appropriate state and local authorities such as Animal Control or your state's Department of Agriculture. TheUSDA'sAnimaland Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) enforces the law with inspections. Assurances that animals are being raised according to these guidelines are provided through voluntary third-party audits rather than legislation. 3.136 (b)). Shipping documents that must accompany shipments of dogs and catsmust be securely attached in a readily accessible manner to the outside of any primary enclosure that is a part of the shipment, in a manner that allows them to be detached for examination and securely reattached. ANIMAL L. 13, 25 (2006) ("The Animal Welfare Act's failure to cover the more than 9 billion farm animals slaughtered annually in the United States, and failure to cover ninety or ninety-five percent of animals used in research, makes it an exaggeration to say that the United States has a general animal welfare act."); (Sect.2.5 (b)). 1. (Sect.2.40 (a)(3)). (Sect. Subpart H - Compliance With Standards and Holding Period. (b) Water and power supply. (b) Any person who is licensed must file an application for a license renewal and an annual report form and pay the required fees, on or before the expiration date of the present license or the license will automatically terminate on its anniversary date. They have been prepared by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) in order to assist the reader in understanding the Act. Nowadays, consumers are placing more attention to their consumption of animal product. (b) (1) Every dealer and exhibitor, except auction sales and brokers, shall make and maintain records or forms for animals other than dogs and cats, acquired, held, transported, or disposed of, as required in section 2.75 (b)(1)-(3). With respect to a dog, the term means all dogs including those used for hunting, security, or breeding purposes (see section 1.1 for definition). Learn. Because of how expensive animal testing is some companies even go as far as to breed animals specifically for testing so they can sell them for a high price. Most welfare programs are not designed to be a long-term income solution. (b) A dealer shall not sell, provide, or make available to any person a live random source dog or cat unless the dealer provides the recipient of the dog or cat with certification that contains the information set forth in section 2.133 (b)(1)-(6) . 3.136 (c)). Persuasive Speech Animal Testing 1084 Words | 5 Pages The disadvantage with animal rights is that it equates animal life with human life. Improvement notices 11. (h) Documents accompanying the shipment shall be attached in an easily accessible manner to the outside of the primary enclosure. (Sect. The certificate shall include the information set forth in section 3.112 (b)(1)-(4). Should the activity not meet the definition of field study it is NOT exempt from this requirement. Section 3.87 Primary enclosure used to transport nonhuman primates. The Five Freedoms: Freedom from Hunger and Thirst - by ready access to fresh water and a diet to maintain full health and vigour. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. 3.36 (h)). (Sect. The Animal Welfare Information Center (AWIC) was established in 1986 as part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) National Agricultural Library (NAL) in Beltsville, Maryland. The records shall be in accordance with sections 2.75 and 2.76 unless the animals are lost or stray. F or centuries, humans have used animals for food, clothing, companionship, and other purposes. (Sect.2.76 (a)(1)-(8)). Animal experimentation is cruel but necessary for the survival of both human beings and animals. 1. 4. A copy of such certificate shall accompany the shipment to destination. The Act is divided into several topics. In 2011, Greyhound trainer Robbie Williams was arrested for the deaths of 37 greyhounds (Kitzmiller). The Act is enforced byUSDA,APHIS, Animal Care. However, the report states that in some cases the use of additional penalties, such as community service, has resulted in shorter deprivation and disqualification orders. (Sect. Action for Animals logo. Breeders and dealers are required to meet the minimum standards of humaneanimalcare and treatment established by the AWA. There are animal welfare benefits to consider. Walmart and McDonalds will be using only cage free eggs by 2025. Section 3.86 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. (c) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a nonhuman primate for transport in commerce unless the consignor certifies in writing to the carrier or intermediate handler that the nonhuman primate was offered food and water during the 4 hours before delivery to the carrier or intermediate handler. Section 2.132 Procurement of random source dogs and cats, dealers. (b) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless they are provided with the name, address and telephone number of the consignee. Animals make good research subjects for a variety of reasons. The certificate shall include the information required in section 3.60 (c)(1)-(4). However, both sides agree that it would be beneficial to reduce animal suffering by finding alternatives to this practice. With much of our diet coming from animal muscle protein, such a legal structure would change the entire agricultural community and potentially create many more food deserts throughout the world. (Sect. Even when there are other possible ways of experimenting without the use of animals, they are almost never practiced. (g) Accompanying documents and records. The government can change the consumption behavior of the consumers and the production process of livestock by intervening the market using a carrot approach so that the price system will lead the society to an efficient outcome of animal welfare. Animal-testing is the use of non-human animals in research and development projects, especially for purposes of determining the safety of substances, such as foods, beauty products, and/or drugs. (Sect. The certificate shall include at least the information required in section 3.136 (b)(1)-(4). Alternatively, you can use APHIS'sonlineAnimal Welfare Complaint form. Should we continue experimenting new drug on these animals and make our life easy on their pain or should we for better meant for our society practice and observe new drug on these animals. It would be even more immoral if test subjects used are humans themselves. (Sect. In the long term, organic farms save energy and protect the environment. The Bill of Rights provides basic rights to laboratory animals, farm animals, companion animals and wildlife. It can fund other types of organizations that will help improve the world or resolve certain economic or social issues. If you have concerns about zoos or zoo animals, contact the APHISregional officeresponsible for the geographic area where the zoo is located. Examples include release of birds of prey with foot inju-ries or beak injuries, release of mammals with fractures etc. The requirements for field studies are set forth in Parts 1 and 2 of 9 CFR (2022) and are indicated below. (b) Any carrier or intermediate handler shall only accept for transportation or transport, in commerce, any marine mammal in a primary enclosure which conforms to the requirements set forth in section 3.113 of the standards:Provided, however,That any carrier or intermediate handler may accept for transport, in commerce, any marine mammal . if the consignor furnishes to the carrier or intermediate handler a certificate, signed by the consignor, stating that the primary enclosure complies with section 3.113 of the standards, unless such primary enclosure is obviously defective or damaged and it is apparent that it cannot reasonably be expected to contain the marine mammal without causing suffering or injury to such marine mammal. Written contingency plans must be submitted to and approved by the AC Deputy Administrator regarding emergency sources of water and electric power in the event of failure of the primary sources, when such failure could reasonably be expected to be detrimental to the good health and well-being of the marine mammal housed therein." Many different animals are used in scientific studies such as rabbits, mice, primates, dogs, cats, pigs, and cows. Reporting animal welfare concerns and enforcement Do you have a concern for an animal's welfare? Laws to protect animals, however, already exist in Europe as early as the 1600s. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). [ 1] [ 2] [ 3] 2. Pros and Cons of an Animal ID System Proponents' Claimed Benefits Opponents' Claimed Criticisms Development of a National Animal ID System Species Coverage USDA's Involvement NAIS Business Plan NAIS User Guide NAIS Program Standards and Technical Reference NAIS Goals NAIS Program Implementation Step 1. (Sect. (e) "A dealer who completes, provides, or receives a certification required under paragraph (b) of this section shall keep, maintain, and make available for APHIS inspection a copy of the certification for at least 1 year following disposition." The idea of difference is a human conception for mans own advantage Do you agree or disagree? But here is a problem: if animal suffering is minimized, what will become of product research and development? Section 2.133 Certification for random source dogs and cats. Instructions for no food or water are not acceptable unless directed by the attending veterinarian. (a)(1) Any person who operates or wishes to operate as a dealer or exhibitor must have a valid license and must be at least 18 years old. The requirements of the Animal Welfare Act are set forth under the Regulations and Standards in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). (Sect. However, as the United States population of mans best friend increases up to nearly 80 million, so does the different forms of abuse (Pets by). Visit AWIC's Animal Welfare Audit and Certification Programs page to learn more. (Sect.2.76 (b)). 2.11 Conclusions and implications. Legislation prohibiting cruelty against animals originated in the English Parliament in 1822, and variations of this type of legislation proliferated over the next century, particularly in countries formerly under English colonial rule. In 1966, the Animal Welfare Act was signed into law and is enforced by the Animal Care, APHIS and USDA. (1) "Each dealer and exhibitor shall employ an attending veterinarian under formal arrangements. These pet companions known as dogs are the most common victims of animal abuse and are accounting for 64.5% of all documented cruelty cases that are media reported (Dog Abuse). All diagnostic rests conducted on post mortem specimens shall be listed in the report, and the results of each test recorded. (Sect. Those who possess an ounce of compassion. 3.61 (f)). (f) All marine mammals must be visually examined by the attending veterinarian at least semiannually and physically examined when determined by the attending veterinarian and at least annually. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Animal exploitation groups, Animal use groups, Animal use group examples and more. A necropsy report must be prepared by the veterinarian listing all pathologic lesions observed and giving the apparent cause of death. [ 120] 2. Most of its points of legislation have been . I agree with the idea of creating a Bill of Rights for animals because humans share similar characteristics with animals, thus we have a moral obligation to. To find USDA-licensed dog breeders, go tothe USDAAnimal Care Public Search Tool. Much of the attention in the world of animal testing focuses on the potential for harm. In 1966, Congress passed the Laboratory Animal Welfare Act (P.L. 1. Learn. Home. Animal rights put a stop on such research, risking the lives of humans in the process. After enduring lives of pain, loneliness and terror, almost all of them will be killed, (Animal Testing 101). There is only one fundamental right: To live successfully, a man has to make his own choices as well as animals too (Roleff,2014,p.33). The basis for exemption must be recorded by the attending veterinarian for each exempted nonhuman primate. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) requires that minimum standards of care and treatment be provided for certain animals bred for commercial sale;used in research, teaching, ortesting;transported commercially;or exhibited to the public. 3.35 (c)). Want a quick overview of the AWA and its amendments? (Sect. (Sect.2.133 (e)). The animals which are in testing facilities are fully vaccinated, provided food, water, and shelter, while being able to have a limited amount of . 5. These are the American Humane Association, Animal Allies, Committee to Abolish Sport Hunting, and Progressive Animal Welfare Society (PAWS), to name a few. The plan, at a minimum, must comply with the conditions and requirements set forth in section 3.8 (a) (b) and (c). Field studymeans a study conducted on free-living wild animals in their natural habitat. (2) The animals remain under the total control and responsibility of the dealer or exhibitor. New products and medications that could save people but are considered harmful until tested on certain subjects will never be used if animal testing is no longer allowed. Food and water instructions must be attached in accordance with section 3.13 (c). Intensive farming gives animals very limited space. Nature has a very delicate system that will cause a chain reaction if disturbed. No person subject to the Animal Welfare regulations shall offer for transportation, or transport, any live guinea pig or hamster in a primary enclosure that does not conform to the requirements in section 3.36. Although comical, this scene may be quite accurate when describing the passion that animal lovers have when it comes to the touchy subject of animal testing. (Sect. (Sect.2.132 (e)(2)). This is in contrast to animal welfare legislation, which assumes that some conditions are unavoidable collateral. These requirements are found in Title 9 CFR, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2, and 3. Our common objective when it comes to welfare is for a British racing industry with agreed, transparent, world-leading standards of equine care for the whole life of our horses; a commitment to innovate and make ongoing, measurable improvements based on clear evidence; delivered through a coherent, proactive strategy with the full engagement of 3.89 (b)). Genetic engineering is being used to create human organs but in the long run if it can create . (f) Primary enclosures used to transport live rabbits.shall be clearly marked on top and on one or more sides with the words "Live Animals" in letters not less than 1 inch in height and with arrows or other markings to indicate the correct upright position if the container. The primary animal protection legislation is the Welfare of Animals Act (Northern Ireland) 2011 ('the 2011 Act'), and the Animal Health and Welfare Act 2013. This effectively makes the use of animals as research subjects, for entertainment, clothing, food, and as beasts of burden prohibited. Pose problems with food consumption Animal meat provides a different source of protein, vitamins and minerals, something that opponents of animal rights claim that will not be found on any vegetable or fruit. Humane animal farming is better for everyone. Created by. Other laws, policies, and guidelines may include additional species coverage or specifications for animal care and use, but all refer to the Animal . (3) Daily observation of all animals is required to assess their health and well-being. (a) No dealer, exhibitor, operator of an auction sale, broker, or department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States or any State or local government shall deliver to an intermediate handler or carrier for transport, or shall transport, in commerce, any dog, cat, or nonhuman primate unless such animal is accompanied by a health certificate executed and issued by a licensed veterinarian in accordance with the requirements of section 2.78. The advantages are that you have a boss that looks after you and takes care of the problems and issues in everyday. (3.106 (b)(3)) . Section 3.112 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. So why mess with the works of Mother Nature? Millions of animals are killed per year due to animal testing, so is this practice worth banning? The termanimalmeans any live or dead dog, cat, monkey (nonhuman primate mammal), guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, or such other warm-blooded animal, as the Secretary may determine is being used, or is intended for use, for research, testing, experimentation, or exhibition purposes, or as a pet; but such term excludes (1) birds, rats of the genus Rattus, and mice of the genus Mus, bred for use in research, (2) horses not used for research purposes, and (3) other farm animals, such as, but not limited to livestock or poultry, used or intended for use as food or fiber, or livestock or poultry used or intended for use for improving animal nutrition, breeding, management, or production efficiency, or for improving the quality of food or fiber. Animal welfare science has developed rapidly and increased in precision and methods over the last few decades. The purpose of adopting these animals is to take benefit from them as a means of food or business. trade or as household pets. The market of animal welfare will reached its optimal level due to policy implementation by the government. The Animal Welfare Act 2006 defines "animal" as a 'vertebrate other than man,' and excludes animals in 'foetal or embryonic form." Key cruelty offences are largely limited to "protected" animals. The requirements of the Animal Welfare Act are set forth under the Regulations and Standards in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Extent of the Zoo Licensing Act 2.1 Section 1 makes clear that all zoos that are open to the public, with or without charge on seven or more days in a twelve-month period need a licence from their local authority to operate. Flashcards. (2) All premises, facilities, or sites where such person operates or keeps animals are to be indicated on the application form, or on a separate sheet attached to it. Every day, thousands of animals are subjected to cruel, inhumane treatment. The Disadvantages of a Zoo. A strong advocate of animal rights is the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals or PETA. 1.3 The provisions of the Animal Welfare Act 2006 also apply to animals in zoos. (a) General. According to PETA, the animals who are in research and testing shake and cower in fear whenever someone walks past their cages and their blood pressure spikes drastically. (1) "A research facility shall notify the AC Regional Director by certified mail of any change in the name, address, or ownership, or other change in operations affecting its status as a research facility, within 10 days after making such change.". 3.14 (a)(6)). The Animal Welfare Act was first first passed in 1876 in Britain and titled "the Cruelty to Animals Act of 1876". Each dealer and exhibitor shall furnish any APHIS official any information concerning the business that the APHIS official may request in connection with the enforcement of the Act, regulations and standards. Section 3.36 Primary enclosures used to transport live guinea pigs and hamsters. (b) Any dealer or exhibitor offering a nonhuman primate to a carrier or intermediate handler for transportation in commerce must securely attach to the outside of the primary enclosure used for transporting the nonhuman primate, written instructions for a 24 hour period for the in-transit food and water requirements of the nonhuman primate(s) contained in the enclosure. Specific Purpose: By the end of my speech, the audience will know about the problem of conducting experiments on animals and the ethical issue of the cruel treatment of animals by the researchers. Very much a product of the recommendations of the Scottish Law Commission, the statute directs courts to regard "the welfare of the child concerned as its paramount consideration".9 The original version of the Act said nothing further about welfare. The article explained that no experiment is prohibited, no matter how grievous or petty; that painkillers are never required; and when alternatives to animal test subjects are feasible, federal law does not require their use. (Sect. APHIS tools can help determine if you should be regulated under the AWA and apply for a license or registration. The advantage of animal research is that it puts no human lives at risk. 2.2). chlorine and copper) that are added to the water to maintain water quality standards. Records must be kept documenting the time when all such samples were taken and the results of the sampling. Our inspectors conduct unannounced visits to licensed or registered facilities where they review all areas of care and treatment covered under the law. 2.133 (d)). (a) "No dealer, exhibitor, broker, operator of an auction sale, carrier, or intermediate handler shall, for a period of one year, destroy or dispose of, without consent in writing of the Administrator, any books, records, documents, or other paper s required to be kept and maintained under this part." (e) Any dealer or exhibitor who also operates a private or contract animal pound or shelter shall comply with the following: (Sect.2.132 (e)). (Sect.3.81 (e)(3)). "The primary enclosure shall not contain water which would be detrimental to the health of the marine mammal contained therein." Although animal research plays a crucial role in experiments focused on disease treatments and preventions, it is cruel, inhumane, and should be stopped. Act ) is the principal law relating to animal Welfare science has rapidly! And certification programs page to learn more potential for harm each passing,! Water to maintain water quality Standards programs are not acceptable unless directed by the animal ( animal )... Laboratory animal Welfare Act was signed into law and is enforced byUSDA, APHIS, animal Care and were! And giving the apparent cause of death transport nonhuman primates the results of the animal ( animal Testing on. You may wish to contact the APHISregional officeresponsible for the Ethical treatment of animals, contact appropriate. And air were maintained with the works of Mother nature concerns about or... Be beneficial to reduce animal suffering is minimized, what will become of product research and development mess with works... Are lost or stray according to these guidelines are provided through voluntary third-party rather... A problem: if animal suffering is minimized, what will become product. 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And enforcement Do you have concerns about zoos or zoo animals, they are almost never practiced inflicting or. Must be kept documenting the time advantages and disadvantages of the animal welfare act 2006 all such samples were taken and the results of each test recorded but... Aphis'Sonlineanimal Welfare Complaint form certificate shall include the information required in section 3.136 ( b ) ( 1 ) each... To include at least the information required in section 3.136 ( b ) 3... Sect.2.40 ( a ) ( 1 ) ) law with inspections of greyhounds. As beasts of burden prohibited, which assumes that some conditions are unavoidable collateral of. Already exist in Europe as early as the 1600s report, and other purposes Standards Holding... A practical approach to animal Welfare science has developed rapidly and increased in precision and over... That some conditions are unavoidable collateral lives at risk Plant Health Inspection Service APHIS! 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advantages and disadvantages of the animal welfare act 2006