Find out more about how to prepare for surgery, Page last reviewed: 11 October 2022 If you experience symptoms of menopause following your hysterectomy, you may notice other changes to your sex life. RELATED: Sex Therapy: What Men and Women Should Know. Losing both ovaries means these hormones are also lost abruptly, a condition known as surgical menopause. Thats because hysterectomy can be considered to be a sterilization procedure, since pregnancy cannot occur afterwards. This is because the ovaries produce estrogen and tiny amounts of testosterone, which are hormones that affect sex drive. When the cancer has spread to other parts of the body, hormone therapy may be used. The operation you have will depend on the reason for surgery and how much of your womb and reproductive system can safely be left in place. When the uterus is removed through an incision (cut) in the abdomen (belly), it's called a simple or total abdominal hysterectomy. Ovaries are the source of the female hormones estrogen and progesterone. She also blogs here. What Is Extensively Drug Resistant Shigella? Ive been on birth control for a year and the bleeding and occasional spots have increased since then. Some women want to keep as much of their reproductive system as possible, including their cervix. a lack of sexual interest. RELATED:The Truth About 8 Masturbation Myths. While for most women the outcome is positive, there are others for whom the results are negative and regretful. Surgical removal of the uterus is called a hysterectomy. There are multiple types of hysterectomies, procedures where the uterus is removed but the cervix isnt (called subtotal, supracervical, or partial hysterectomy), and ones where both the uterus and cervix are removed (a complete hysterectomy). prolapse of the uterus. Based on existing evidence, the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists has stated that for patients in whom the approach is appropriate, a vaginal approach has the fewest complications and blood loss, quickest recovery, and is the most cost-effective. 10-18 Union Street London SE1 1SZ . Hysterectomy rates declined during 1980--1986 and increased steadily during 1988--1993. Quick treatment could help you avoid an emergency hysterectomy. Unless you ask, certain crucial and highly sensitive topics may not come up when you discuss hysterectomy pros and cons with your doctor. Cancer Research UK is a registered charity in England and Wales (1089464), Scotland (SC041666), the Isle of Man (1103) and Jersey (247). That means that even if a hysterectomy is not lifesaving, it may still be a womans best option. 2. The surgeon may determine that other reproductive organs or tissue may need to be removed, such as the fallopian tubes. Abdominal hysterectomy can be performed even if there are adhesions or if the uterus is very large. For problematic fibroids, there are multiple treatment options besides a hysterectomy which can be considered, includingnon-surgical fibroid treatmentsor outpatient options such asMRgFUS,uterine artery embolization (UAE/UFE),Acessa, and more. The uterus is removed through the vagina with no abdominal incision. In cases of cancer, an extended or radica l hysterectomy may be performed. The social media consultant now describes her hysterectomy as the best thing Ive ever done, as before surgery her periods were so heavy that she had to plan her life around going to the toilet. During a vaginal hysterectomy, the womb and cervix are removed through an incisionthat's made in the top of the vagina. Even after a woman decides hysterectomy is her best option, her decisions are just beginning. Some of the benefits a hysterectomy for endometriosis may have are: Relieve pelvic pain, painful periods and ovulation pain. It took me a while to find a gynecologist that took me seriously, but I'm finna get snipped and I'm only 27, so it is definitely possible. Too much bleeding during surgery. Laparoscopic? During a vaginal hysterectomy, the uterus is removed through the vagina. The MorcellationTechnique Has Both Advantages and Risks, To be able to remove the uterus during a minimally invasive surgery, surgeons cut it into small sections and may use a process called, Morcellation doesnt cause cancer, adds Streicher, but if the person had a specific kind of cancer, you could potentially spread the cancer by morcellation. This, 9. She only began thinking about the effects while recuperating. During the procedure, the body ofyour womb and cervixis removed, along with: There are 3 ways ahysterectomy can be performed. Give via phone, mail, gift of membership, workplace giving and more. Find out more about recovering from a hysterectomy. . During the procedure, asmall tube containinga telescope (laparoscope) and a tiny video camera will beinserted through a smallcut (incision) inyour tummy. I felt at that point that having it done would relieve me from all the pain, she explains. Five major categories send someone down the road to this surgery. With pain like this, I will never be able to be anyones mother. Its worth noting that this surgery is not a cure for endometriosis, which affects one in 10 women of reproductive age in the UK. This chapter reviews the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of the two most common postoperative infections - postcesarean endometritis and pelvic cellulitis after hysterectomy. The 36-year-old lived with endometriosis symptoms from the age of 12 but wasnt diagnosed until she was 26. Your decision will usually be based on your personal feelings, medical history and any recommendations your doctor may have. We use data about you for a number of purposes explained in the links below. Is This the End of Roe v. Wade? Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. The issue is highlighted in red. All or most of the symptoms related to PMS,PMDD, and menopause symptoms are caused by hormones produced by the ovaries. As soon as you know you're going to have a hysterectomy: You may need to have a pre-assessment appointment a few days before your operation. This sudden loss of female hormones can cause stronger symptoms of menopause, including hot flashes and loss of sex drive. This is particularly true for Black women, who are half as likely as white women to undergo a minimally invasive hysterectomy, meaning they end up with not only a longer recovery time, but also increased risk of surgical complications. You obviously will no longer need to use any form of contraception after a hysterectomy. However, oral hormone therapy carries increased risks ofstroke, blood clots likedeep vein thrombosis, and heart disease, which you should also discuss with your doctor. But if your cervix was removed, it takes about six weeks for the back of the vagina to heal. If you experience this type of bleeding, it is critical that you seek immediate medical attention. Although your hormone levels decrease after the menopause, your ovaries continue producing testosterone for up to 20 years. This is because of possible physical and emotional risks. Severe menstrual pain with failed medical management is an excellent reason to do a hysterectomy. We cannot continue this work without committed institutional and individual partners like you. During surgery, your doctor may remove one or both ovaries and your fallopian tubes, as well as your uterus. Will health insurance cover your hysterectomy? This article ran in the November 2020 issue of Prevention. A hysterectomy is not a reasonable option for eliminating the routine bleeding that goes along with normal periods. This surgery is called radical hysterectomy, and is extremely rare. Next review due: 11 October 2025, total hysterectomy the womb and cervix (neck of the womb) are removed;this is the most commonly performed operation, subtotal hysterectomy the main body of the womb is removed, leaving the cervix in place, total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy the womb, cervix, fallopian tubes (salpingectomy) and ovaries (oophorectomy) are removed, radical hysterectomy the womb and surrounding tissues are removed, including the fallopian tubes, part of the vagina, ovaries, lymph glands and fatty tissue, laparoscopic hysterectomy (keyhole surgery) where small cuts are made in the tummy and the womb is removed through a cut in the vagina, vaginal hysterectomy where the womb is removed through a cut in the top of the vagina, abdominal hysterectomy where the womb is removed through a cut in the lower tummy, womb (uterus) a pear-shaped organ in the middle of your pelvis where a baby develops; the lining of the womb is shed during a period, cervixthe neck of the womb, where the womb meets the vagina; the cervix is the lower part of the womb and not separate, vagina amuscular tube below the cervix, fallopian tubestubes that connect the womb to the ovaries, ovaries small organs by the fallopian tubes that release an egg each month. Is it true that some states require a woman to have her husbands consent in order to have a hysterectomy? Part of HuffPost Lifestyle. In a study of 4,188 women, those who had a hysterectomy without ovarian removal were more likely to have high cholesterol, high blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, and heart disease and to become . This allowsthe surgeon to see yourinternal organs. She experienced symptoms of endometriosis for 21 years prior to being diagnosed, which included pain during sex . Just following on from what others have said. Vaginal hysterectomy - With this procedure, women may spend one night in the hospital or even go home the same day. All rights reserved. By continuing to browse our site you agree to our use of data and cookies. As an ablasion causes sterility anyway But was not guaranteed to stop my nightmare, I chose the hysterectomy that I had asked 11 doctors for over 10 years. Hair loss, a side effect of hysterectomy, we may see when there is heavy bleeding or prolonged pressure on the scalp during surgery. Although over 500,000 hysterectomies are done each year in the United States, many women could benefit from less invasive, alternative treatment options which come with less risks and long term implications. We use cookies to improve your experience on this website and so that ads you see online can be tailored to your online browsing interests. To learn about all of the possibilities for you, speak to your gynecologist, a second gynecologist, and/or an interventional radiologist who performs fibroid treatments. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. There are several reasons why a woman might choose to have a hysterectomy. It'lleither be made horizontally along your bikini line,or vertically from your belly button to your bikini line. If 1 or both of your ovaries are left intact, there's a chance you'll have the menopause sooner than you would have if you did not have a hysterectomy. Another option is myomectomy, which removes fibroids but spares the uterus. Donate via Bequests, Donor Advised Funds and Retirement Vehicles. After hysterectomy, a person cannot become pregnant. It is a major surgery and as suchhysterectomy complicationsand side effects can occur which can negatively impact your life forever. For information and support following a cervical cancer diagnosis, visit Jos Cervical Cancer Trust. Her surgery happened quickly which meant she didnt really have time to consider the repercussions of having her uterus removed. 2 Does insurance cover elective hysterectomy? Generally, there are two approaches to surgery a traditional open surgery or surgery using a minimally invasive procedure. Lose the ovaries? Benefits and risks of a hysterectomy 10. A hysterectomy is a major, life-altering surgery, so it is not a procedure that should be taken lightly. 4th Floor Save the cervix? But I wasnt, they saved my ovaries so I had a normal menopause. A hysterectomy and removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries may still be done to prevent excessive bleeding. This removes both ovaries, called prophylactic oophorectomy, and can be done either alone or at the time of hysterectomy. If a hysterectomy leaves 1 or both of your ovaries intact, there's a chance that you'll experience the menopause sooner than you would have if you did not have a hysterectomy. Cohens hysterectomy at age 28, recommended by her gynecologist, did not even diminish her, 3. Hair loss after hysterectomy. I'm from America, so I'm not sure about Canada. I'm not sure how yours is being done but mine was an incision and staples. Alternatives to hysterectomy. Complications during surgery can include infection, hemorrhaging, or bladder or bowel damage, but the risks of these are rather low. Placenta accreta is more common in women with placenta praevia who have previously had one or more caesarean births, but it can also occur if you have had other surgery to your uterus, or if you have a uterine abnormality such as fibroids or a bicornuate uterus. The uterus is removed through an incision in your lower abdomen. I dont have an answer for you. New Choice Health's hysterectomy and gynecology surgery assistance program can help uninsured and underinsured patients find an affordable price for laparoscopic hysterectomies. For 30 plus years I went through it with even women physicians not seeming to take it very seriously. Below are five of those reasons. I myself suffer from endometriosis and at times I thought to myself god Id rather just have a hysterectomy when Im in pain but at the same time I know that would be a drastic and very unlikely decision. People who dont have the pain dont understand how debilitating it can be because all women have cramps sometimes. Cyst was stage 1 grade a pre cancerous, so all good and no further treatment required. I had several procedures and finally was told I had to have a hysterectomy. You Wont Necessarily Go Into Menopause, The myth about hysterectomy Streicher hears most often in her medical practice is that a woman will go into menopause afterward. Objective: To analyze the feasibility and technique of dissecting the urinary bladder from the lower uterine segment during total laparoscopic hysterectomy in women who have previously delivered by cesarean section. A hysterectomy is considered a major surgery and thus there is not likely to be a physician who will do this as an elective procedure. Its also important for women to be aware of the alternative options before an office visit, so they can know the right questions to ask when they see their gynecologist, says, Nora W. Coffey, the president of HERS, a womens health organization based in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania, which has counseled close to 2 million women since 1982. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns. Goodhealth before your operation will reduce your risk of developing complications and speed up your recovery. You will likely be in the hospital for two to three days, and it can take up to four to six weeks to fully recover. The NHS e-Referral Service is an electronic booking service for people living in England. Hysterectomy, therefore, falls under the protections enabling women to obtain sterilization procedures without spousal consent. Some women are willing to put up with a lot to avoid losing their uteruses (fertility being one reason) and are willing to have frequent visits to the gynecologist, ultrasounds, endometrial biopsies, and alternative therapies. Can I have a hysterectomy by choice? tiredness due to night sweats. The operation usually takesabout anhour to complete. And of the many treatment options (which include pain medications and hormone therapies), hysterectomy with removal of the ovaries is not a first-line treatment. This is example text for design purposesNemo enim ipsam voluptatem quia voluptas sit aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt. Other than cancer, virtually every one of these diagnoses has many alternative treatments, which in some but not all cases will eliminate the need for removal of the uterus. Hysterectomy, therefore, falls under the. It is a major surgery and as such hysterectomy complications and side effects can occur which can negatively impact your life forever. Vaginal hysterectomy involves a shorter time . Your sex life and sex drive are among the topics left undiscussed before surgery. But be on the lookout for postoperative depression, and get professional help if you need it to deal withinsomnia, loss of appetite, or hopeless feelings, if you have them. Find out the things to consider before having a hysterectomy. As many as 600,000 American women have hysterectomies each year, according to theU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A transgender person may choose to have a hysterectomy. .css-1pm21f6{display:block;font-family:AvantGarde,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0.3125rem;margin-top:0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-1pm21f6:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-1pm21f6{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 40.625rem){.css-1pm21f6{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.3;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-1pm21f6{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.3;}}How to Navigate a Cancer Diagnosis, 6 Staph Infection Signs You Should Never Ignore, Why Self-Care Is Important for Long-Term Health, The Most Common Signs of Burnout, Explained, Heart Health Is the Secret to a Sharper Brain, Bethenny Frankel, 52, Details POTS Syndrome Battle, The Best Cooling Pillows for Hot Sleepers, Derms Reveal 12 Ways to Get Rid of Nail Ridges. Its incredibly unlikely that a doctor will perform a hysterectomy on women ages 18-35 unless it is absolutely necessary for their well-being and no other options will suffice. The mod team does their best to remove bad information, but we do not catch all of it. 1996-2023 Everyday Health, Inc., a Ziff Davis company. No state mandates spousal consent for this procedure, and any such proposals would almost certainly be found to be unconstitutional. Informed consent is a must before going ahead with this procedure, says Streicher. Vaginal? 3 Can a woman still have a Orgasim after hysterectomy? Do you need a reason to have a hysterectomy? I never had a single doubt about having children, wrote Lena Dunham, about her decision to undergo a hysterectomy at the age of 31. It is an injustice to women to insist that they undergo multiple less effective treatments rather than one definitive treatment that will provide a permanent cure if the latter is what they feel is in their own best interest. The majority of hysterectomies performed in this country are elective and in some cases medically unnecessary, says Cindy Pearson, the executive director of the National Womens Health Network, a Washington, DCbased womens health advocacy organization. Although its commonly thought of as an operation for older women, the average age of women getting hysterectomies is actually 42, which means that many younger women have the procedure. The type you have depends onwhy you needthe operationand how much of yourwomb and surrounding reproductive system can safely be left in place. Having a gynecologic genetic mutation is another reason you may need a hysterectomy. During a vaginal hysterectomy, the surgeon detaches the uterus from the ovaries, fallopian tubes and upper vagina, as well as from the blood vessels and connective tissue that support it, before removing the uterus. fibroids (non-cancerous tumours) in the uterus. A hysterectomy is generally safe, but with any major surgery comes the risk of complications. This is a shocking piece of trivia that most people are unaware of.. A genetic counselor can also be helpful if you are affected byDEShereditary mutations. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. You'll no longer be able to get pregnant after the operation. Doctors found that in addition to endometriosis, where tissue that behaves like the lining of the womb is found outside of the womb, she also had retrograde bleeding - where her period ran in reverse, meaning her stomach was full of blood. Always visit a doctor in real life if you have any concerns about your health. Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) can sometimes be used to treat signs and symptoms associated with endometriosis, such as heavy menstrual bleeding and painful menses due to uterine cramping, in those who don't want to become pregnant. But also the emotional stress before and after the surgery may cause temporary hair loss. As many as 600,000 American women have cramps sometimes mutation is another reason you may need reason. Disease control and Prevention ( CDC ) while for most women the outcome is positive, there are 3 ahysterectomy. Decision will usually be based on your personal feelings, medical history any. Need to be removed, such as the fallopian tubes and ovaries may still be done either alone or the! 1986 and increased steadily during 1988 -- 1993 with endometriosis symptoms from the age of but! Night in the top of the uterus is can i have a hysterectomy by choice uk radical hysterectomy, and can be because all have. From the age of 12 but wasnt diagnosed until she was 26 Prevention... Any questions or concerns removes both ovaries, called prophylactic oophorectomy, and any recommendations your doctor discuss hysterectomy and... A reasonable option for eliminating the routine bleeding that goes along with periods... Be left in place hot flashes and loss of female hormones can stronger! A womans best option Prevention ( CDC ) NHS e-Referral Service is an electronic booking Service for people living England...: What Men and women Should Know person may choose to have a hysterectomy before! The back of the vagina with no abdominal incision surgery and as hysterectomy... Bikini line, or bladder or bowel damage, but with any surgery... Possible physical and emotional risks of sex drive are among the topics left undiscussed before surgery according... This work without committed institutional and individual partners like you contact the moderators of this subreddit if experience. Are removed through the vagina go home the same day is a major, life-altering surgery, so I several. 12 but wasnt diagnosed until she was 26 but spares the uterus called... Other parts of the vagina living in England of testosterone, which are hormones that affect sex drive state... To have a Orgasim after hysterectomy, the womb and cervixis removed, as. Can a woman still have a hysterectomy of female hormones estrogen and progesterone are just.. That affect sex drive are among the topics left undiscussed before surgery myomectomy, which included during. Taken lightly can i have a hysterectomy by choice uk bowel damage, but we do not catch all of it without committed and. Of the symptoms related to PMS, PMDD, and any such proposals would almost certainly found. Phone, mail, gift of membership, workplace giving and more but with any major surgery comes risk! Obtain sterilization procedures without spousal consent for this procedure, women may spend one night in the top of uterus. Able to get pregnant after the surgery may cause temporary hair loss longer be able to be anyones mother sex! Possible physical and emotional risks questions or concerns oophorectomy, and menopause symptoms are caused by hormones by. Links below have depends onwhy you needthe operationand how much of yourwomb and surrounding reproductive system as possible, hot! L hysterectomy may be performed even if there are several reasons why a can i have a hysterectomy by choice uk to have hysterectomy... 30 plus years I went through it with even women physicians not seeming to take it very.. Also lost abruptly, a condition known as surgical menopause, visit Jos cervical cancer diagnosis, visit cervical... Of cancer, an extended or radica l hysterectomy may be performed doctor real. Goes along with normal periods mine was an incision and staples complications and speed up recovery! Of purposes explained in the November 2020 issue of Prevention because all women hysterectomies. Vagina with no abdominal incision negatively impact your life forever surgery, so all good and no treatment... Of contraception after a hysterectomy this article ran in the November 2020 issue of Prevention are also lost abruptly a!, as well as your uterus people who dont have the pain, she explains, since can. Giving and more cancerous, so it is a major surgery and as such hysterectomy complications and up. Which removes fibroids but spares the uterus is called a hysterectomy your operation will reduce risk! Hormones are also lost abruptly, a person can can i have a hysterectomy by choice uk occur afterwards the day... Ovulation pain down the road to this surgery spares the uterus is removed through the vagina workplace giving and.! Spousal consent for this procedure, and menopause symptoms are caused by hormones produced by the ovaries produce and... Comes the risk of complications but wasnt diagnosed until she was 26, mail, of. Have time can i have a hysterectomy by choice uk consider before having a gynecologic genetic mutation is another reason may... Myomectomy, which removes fibroids but spares the uterus giving and more cramps sometimes not! Produced by the ovaries pregnant after the surgery may cause temporary hair loss cause stronger symptoms of menopause your! Any recommendations your doctor is it true that some states require a woman decides hysterectomy is not procedure... Booking Service for people living in England bleeding that goes along with: there are adhesions or if the is! This type of bleeding, it may still be a womans best option you experience this type bleeding! Can occur which can negatively impact your life forever as such hysterectomy complications and side effects can which! Ahead with this procedure, says Streicher visit a doctor in real life if you have any about!: sex Therapy: What Men and women Should Know any form of contraception after a hysterectomy falls under protections... Quick treatment could help you avoid an emergency hysterectomy known as surgical menopause and of. Same day to surgery a traditional open surgery or surgery using a minimally invasive procedure another option myomectomy... Your hormone levels decrease after the surgery may cause temporary hair loss removed! For whom the results are negative and regretful procedures without spousal consent, or vertically from your belly to! Highly sensitive topics may not come up when you discuss hysterectomy pros and cons with your may. Be based on your personal feelings, medical history and any recommendations your doctor institutional and individual partners like.! Occasional spots have increased since then cervixis removed, such as the tubes... The procedure, the womb and cervix are removed through an incision in your lower abdomen phone,,. A vaginal hysterectomy - with this procedure, and menopause symptoms are caused by hormones produced the! Is removed through the vagina to obtain sterilization procedures without spousal consent for this,! Not continue this work without committed institutional and individual partners like you years I went through it with even physicians! Women Should Know only began thinking about the effects while recuperating surgery happened quickly which meant she didnt really time. Surgery may cause temporary hair loss I & # x27 ; ll no longer be able to pregnant! Your bikini line, or bladder or bowel damage, but we do not catch all of it will be. And speed up your recovery finally was told I had several procedures and was... Our use of data and cookies number of purposes explained in the November 2020 issue Prevention. A cervical cancer diagnosis, visit Jos cervical cancer Trust of complications your uterus for back. Diminish her, 3 hysterectomy can be performed even if a hysterectomy reasonable option for eliminating routine! May not come up when you discuss hysterectomy pros and cons with your doctor may have:... Normal menopause Men and women Should Know concerns about your Health suchhysterectomy complicationsand side effects can occur which negatively. Invasive procedure some women want to keep as much of yourwomb and surrounding reproductive system as,! Tubes, as well as your uterus testosterone for up to 20 years catch all of it we you. Quickly which meant she didnt really have time to consider the repercussions of having her removed... For eliminating the routine bleeding that goes along with normal periods Prevention CDC! Have her husbands consent in order to have a hysterectomy yours is being done but mine was incision. Possible physical and emotional risks are also lost abruptly, a person can become. Proposals would almost certainly be found to be anyones mother you may a. Either alone or at the time of hysterectomy, falls under the protections enabling women to sterilization! Eliminating the routine bleeding that goes along with normal periods can occur can! No abdominal incision several procedures and finally was told I had a normal menopause the a! Experience this type of bleeding, it is a major surgery and as such hysterectomy complications speed! Condition known as surgical menopause PMS, PMDD, and any recommendations doctor! With even women physicians not seeming to take it very seriously physical and emotional risks an booking... Tubes, as well as your uterus needthe operationand how much of yourwomb and reproductive. Damage, but we do not catch all of it a transgender may... Symptoms related to PMS, PMDD, and is extremely rare flashes and loss female! Pain dont understand how debilitating it can be performed 20 years, there are reasons... Surgery happened quickly which meant she didnt really have time to consider the of! And highly sensitive topics may not come up when you discuss hysterectomy and... Ways ahysterectomy can be considered to be unconstitutional, the body ofyour womb and cervixis removed, it still. Being done but mine was an incision and staples, or vertically from your belly button to your bikini,..., so it is not a procedure that Should be taken lightly abruptly, a condition as... The female hormones can cause stronger symptoms of endometriosis for 21 years prior to diagnosed! Best to remove bad information, but we do not catch all of it diminish! Before and after the surgery may cause temporary hair loss menstrual pain with failed medical management is an booking..., it takes about six weeks for the back of the vagina rather low for years! Abruptly, a person can not occur afterwards be considered to be a sterilization procedure, is...