gmo carrots pros and cons

Sanatech used a revolutionary gene-editing technology called CRISPR to modify a tomato genome to reduce the production of enzymes that naturally break down GABA. This has led to even more Roundup being sprayed on crops to kill the resistant weeds because they can affect the crop harvest (22, 23, 24). Molecular biologist Hortense Dodo, genetically engineered a hypoallergenic peanut by suppressing the protein that can lead to a deadly reaction in people with peanut allergies. Scientists blame Roundup (the active ingredient of which is glyphosate) for a 90% decrease in the US monarch butterfly population. [25] [26] [27] [28] [29] [30], The global population is expected to increase by two billion by 2050. Although allergy concerns are valid, there have been no reports of allergic reactions to GMO foods currently on the market. They identified a gene in a soil bacterium (. Scientists have not yet shown that GMO foods are harmful to health, but research is ongoing. Potential benefits of GM foods. GMOs, short for genetically modified organisms, are subject to a lot of controversy. A brief look at the pros and cons of Genetically modified organisms or GMOs.Photos:https://www.flickr.com/photos/26085795@N02/6193178809/https://www.flickr.c. Pros of GMOs "GMOs are designed to be extra extra healthy, extra fast-growing, and extra resistant to weather or pests," says Megan L. Norris, PhD , a biomedical researcher at the UT . This gene produces a protein that is toxic to several pests and insects, which gives the GMO plants a natural resistance. GMO crops can offer many advantages in costs and nutrition, but some experts worry that they carry health risks, as well. They contribute to environmental damage. However, as of 2022, all foods that contain GMO ingredients must have the term bioengineered food somewhere on the packaging or a scannable code to show that it has GMO ingredients. GMOs can help address those problems with genetic engineering to improve crop yields and help farmers grow food in drought regions or on depleted soil, thereby lowering food prices and feeding more people. Engineers design plants using genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to improve taste, nutritional content, and resilience. To create a GMO plant, scientists follow these basic steps over several years: According to the Genetic Literacy Project, The most recent data from the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA) shows that more than 18 million farmers in 29 countries, including 19 developing nations, planted over 190 million hectares (469.5 million acres) of GMO crops in 2019. The organization stated that a majority of European countries and Russia, among other countries, ban the crops. The pros of GMOs: Genetically modified organisms, aka GMOs, increase productivity and profitability on farms. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? Practical concerns around GM crops include the rise of insect pests and weeds that are resistant to pesticides. The 3 Cons of Genetically Modified Crops However, genetically modified crops can trigger issues such as: 1. First the pros, labeling which products have GMOs will allow consumers to have knowledge and be able to choose a product they feel is best for their lifestyle and values. Carrots actually do contain a psychoactive compound called "myristicin" which may explain the addiction in this case. Presently, some foods may have a third-party Non-GMO project verified label, which indicates that the product contains no GMOs. However, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and USDA maintain that GMOs are safe for human and animal consumption (6). 5. Brinjal is what we . According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), GMO seeds are used to plant over 90% of all maize (corn), cotton, and soy grown in the United States, which means that many of the foods you eat likely contain GMOs. Other concerns around GM crops include broad seed variety access for farmers and rising seed costs as well as increased dependency on multinational seed companies. Guidance for industry: Voluntary labeling indicating whether foods have or have not been derived from genetically engineered plants. Allergies. Many GMO crops are used to make ingredients that Americans eat such as cornstarch, corn syrup, corn oil, soybean oil, canola oil, or granulated sugar. GMO foods are designed to be healthier and cheaper to produce. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are living organisms that have had their genes altered in some way also called "bioengineering.". Though there are possible risks, major agencies like the US Food and Drug Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency tightly regulate GMO foods and ensure that they are safe for people to eat. Health authorities vet all GMO and other foods for safety before manufacturers can sell them, and research is ongoing. Europe, for example, imports 30 million tons of corn and soy animal feeds every year, much of which is GMO. It comes from a naturally occurring bacteria known as Bacillus thuringiensis. Cons of GMOs GMO crops can offer many advantages in costs and nutrition, but some experts worry that they carry health risks, as well. This is an essential trait for a bodybuilder in a cutting phase. Genetic modification significantly accelerates this process by using scientific techniques that give the plant the specific desired trait. the most important thing is it can improve their resistance of disease so the farmers have more efficient production. Harvard researchers found a strong inverse relationship between diets rich in spinach and carrots and the incidence of stroke. The tomato was genetically modified to increase its firmness and extend its shelf life. Weeds are a huge problem for farmers they compete with cash crops for nutrients, water and light. Although current research suggests that GMO foods are safe for consumption, some people are concerned about their potential health effects. GMO crops have many advantages for your health, such as greater nutritional value and fewer pesticides. Research says that an average person spends 95% of their time using screens. In fact, its estimated that up to 80% of foods in supermarkets contain ingredients that come from genetically modified crops. Environmental concerns include the risk of altered genes entering wild species. Now a decade old, CRISPR is widely . Researchers demonstrated that a genetically modified household plant could effectively reduce the levels of several common indoor air pollutants. GMO practices can be used to produce "designer" crops, which have more nutrients, grow quicker and produce more yield, are more resistant to pesticides and use less fertiliser. "I consume GMO products and feed them to my family without hesitation," Norris says. How GMOs can help solve climate change. However, the DNA sequences are not being tampered to create changes, such as genetic modifications. "GMO" (genetically modified organism) is the common term consumers and popular media use to describe a plant, animal, or microorganism that has had its genetic material (DNA) changed using. The Pros of GMOs. GMO, which stands for genetically modified organism, refers to any organism whose DNA has been modified using genetic engineering technology. Insert the specific gene into the DNA of the plant scientists want to change. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. 22, 2020, Rudy Pacumbaba, "Understanding GMOs and Bioengineered Foods," aces.edu, June 3, 2020, USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, "List of Bioengineered Food," ams.usda.gov (accessed Jan. 10, 2022), Genetic Literacy Project, "Where Are GMO Crops and Animals Approved and Banned?," geneticliteracyproject.org (accessed Jan. 10, 2021), Jennifer Kahn, "Learning to Love G.M.O.s," nytimes.com, July 20, 2021, Melissa Waddell, "How Do GMOs Affect Biodiversity?," livingnongmo.org, Apr. The more you eat the better. Golden Rice is a genetically modified rice variety with the aim of making this plant capable of producing -carotene. Until the 2022 USDA rule takes effect, its hard to determine which foods contain GMOs in the United States. The Advantages of Genetically Modified Crops. The process of creating a GMO plant is complex, but it follows these basic steps: 1. 20, 2016, Canadian Biotechnology Action Network (CBAN), "Are GMO Crops Better for the Environment?," gmoinquiry.ca, May 2015, US Department of Agriculture, "Regulation of Biotech Plants," usda.gov (accessed June 23, 2019), Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo, Seth Weshsler, Mike Livingston, and Lorrie Mitchell, "Genetically Engineered Crops in the United States," ers.usda.gov, Feb. 2014, United States Department of Agriculture, "BE Disclosure," ams.usda.gov (accessed June 23, 2019), United States Department of Agriculture, "Adoption of Genetically Engineered Crops in the U.S.," ers.usda.gov (accessed July 23, 2019), Center for Food Safety, "About Genetically Engineered Foods," centerforfoodsafety.com (accessed June 23, 2019), GMO Answers, "GMOs and Livestock," gmoanswers.com (accessed June 23, 2019), Chicago Tribune, "FDA OKs Calgene's Flavr Savr Tomato, a 1st for Whole Biotech Food," chicagotribune.com, May 18, 1984, G. Bruening, and JM Lyons, "The Case of the Flavr Savr Tomato," calag.ucanr.edu, July 1, 2000, David Johnson and Siobhan O'Connor, "Health Diet/Nutrition These Charts Show Every Genetically Modified Food People Already Eat in the U.S.," time.com, Apr. GMO foods may offer several advantages to the grower and consumer. Genetically engineered insect resistant brinjal is currently approved and grown in Pakistan. There are many advantages of GMO crops, but some groups have raised concerns that GMOs may have negative health effects. Why or why not? We avoid using tertiary references. This is why: The health consequences of eating genetically modified organisms are largely unknown. "GMOs Top 3 Pros and Cons." We weigh up the benefits and drawbacks and describe the menu and alternatives. Artificially implanting DNA from one species to another can save many, many years of research. Studies about the benefits of carrots just keep coming. Warning: count(): Parameter must be an array or an object that implements Countable in /home/customer/www/sertife.com/public_html/wp-includes/post-template.php on . This helps create a product acceptable to consumers. Trillions of meals containing GMO ingredients have been eaten by humans, with zero verified cases of illness related to the food being genetically altered. There is some concern that GMO foods may trigger an allergic reaction. Allergies are possible but uncommon. A Comprehensive Lesson on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) Build background knowledge of how GMO crops and foods are made, learn about the pros and cons of genetic modifications to food through inquiry-based activities, work hands-on to do a cost/benefit analysis of GMO vs. organic food, and design, create, and present persuasive educational materials to support your position on . Economic. As genetically modified produce makes its way to market this year, experts debate whether these foods are safer to consume than other products. Moreover, this could make them safer than other foods, which do not undergo testing. Category. She has a master's degree in social work from UPenn and is interested in the intersection of health and social justice. By making this toxin, the corn is able to resist pests, reducing the need for pesticides (3). 325 N. LaSalle Street, Suite 200 This Will Help You Sift Through the Facts.," consumerreports.org, Feb. 26, 2015, Center For Food Safety, "GE Food & Your Health," centerforfoodsafety.org (accessed July 23, 2019), Chen Zhang, Robert Wohlueter, and Han Zang, "Genetically Modified Foods: A Critical Review of Their Promise and Problems," sciencedirect.com, Sep. 2016, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Health Organization, "Evaluation of Allergenicity of Genetically Modified Foods," fao.gov, Jan. 2001, CBS News, "Life-Threatening Food?," cbsnews.com, May 17, 2001, Patricia Callahan, "EPA Tosses Aside Safety Data, Says Dow Pesticide for GMOs Won't Harm People," chicagotribune.com, Dec. 8, 2015, Garden Organic, "GMOs - Environmental Concerns," gardenorganic.org.uk (accessed July 23, 2019), Jessica Neves, Adam D'Agostino, and Alicia Zolondick, "Environmental Impact of GMOs," blogs.umass.edu, Apr. They are abbreviated as PFAS-are they destined to abbreviate our lives? The issue of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is an ongoing, nuanced, and highly contentious issue. If there is a link, it could take several more years before a trend emerges. Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI, increased attractiveness to consumers, for example, apples and potatoes that are less likely to bruise or turn brown, longer shelf life and therefore less waste, greater resistance to viruses and other diseases, which could lead to less waste and increased food security, greater tolerance to herbicides, making it easier for farmers to control weeds, greater resistance to insects, allowing farmers to, less prone to waste due to disease and aging, more likely to grow in areas with poor quality soil, the risk of outcrossing, where genes from GMO foods pass into wild plants and other crops, a negative impact on insects and other species, reduction in other plant types, leading to a loss of biodiversity, a GMO canola oil with more lauric acid than traditional canola oil will be labeled laurate canola oil, a GMO soybean oil with more oleic acid than non-GMO soybean oil must be labeled high oleic soybean oil, a GMO soybean oil with a high level of stearidonic acid, which does not naturally occur in the oil, must be labeled stearidonate soybean oil, sugar beet, as 99.9% of sugar beet in the U.S. is GMO. Together, these factors help lower the costs for the farmers and consumers because it allows a greater crop yield and growth through harsher conditions. The World Health Organization (WHO) discourages genetic engineers from using DNA from allergens unless they can prove that the gene itself does not cause the problem. This has reduced the need for spraying insecticides over corn fields by 35%, and dozens of studies have shown there are no environmental or health concerns with Bt corn. Still, a review of multiple studies concluded that the low amounts of glyphosate present on GMO foods are safe for human consumption (28). Population growth, climate change, over-farming, and water shortages all contribute to food scarcity. SCORE. A study from the mid-1990s found that adding a protein from Brazil nuts to GMO soybeans could trigger an allergic reaction in people sensitive to Brazil nuts. They are an excellent source of vitamin A, fiber, and potassium, and have numerous health benefits. GMO Apples, Potatoes Hitting Store Shelves, This Genetically Modified Houseplant Can Detoxify the Polluted Air in Your Home, Corn 101: Nutrition Facts and Health Benefits. Carrots which advantage does not decrease at heat treatment are used in a crude and boiled look. [51], Recently, the term bioengineered food has come into popularity, under the argument that almost all food has been genetically modified via selective breeding or other basic growing methods. That said, more long-term human research is necessary. Alternatively, you can avoid foods that contain ingredients from the GMO crops listed above. GMO crops lower the price of food and increase nutritional content, helping to alleviate world hunger. And that, in all likelihood, will require G.M.O.s. [59], Scientists still dont know what the long-term effects of significant GMO consumption could be. GMO crops have many pros and cons, but many see them as a success story. (according to unbiased research): Growing GMO plants is supposed to allow farmers to: Spend less money producing more food. Genetically engineered foods have not been shown to be safe to eat and may have unpredictable consequences. 18, 2018, Pew Research Center, "Public Perspectives on Food Risks," pewresearch.org, Nov. 19, 2018, Alan McHughen, "GMO Safety and Regulations," geneticliteracyproject.org, Dec. 16, 2014, David H. Freedman, "The Truth about Genetically Modified Food," scientificamerican.com, Sep. 1, 2013, Becky Ferreira, "This Food Scientist Wants to Save Lives with a Hypoallergenic Peanut," vice.com, Jan. 26, 2018, World Food Proramme (WFP), "The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World," wfp.org, 2021, World Economic Forum, "Food Security and Why It Matters," weforum.org, Jan. 18. Many GMO crops also become ingredients in other foods, for example: Genetic modification is when scientists insert new DNA into the gene pool of an existing plant. procon@eb.com, 2022 Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. They comprise 90% of soy, cotton, and corn grown in the United States and are deemed safe for human consumption. Cons of GMO varieties 1. When GMO scientists insert new DNA into plant cells, they will often add in an additional gene that makes the modified cells resistant to antibiotics. [38] [41] [42], A report from the Canadian Biotechnology Action Network found that Herbicide-tolerant crops reduce weed diversity in and around fields, which in turn reduces habitat and food for other important species. [43], Melissa Waddell, Editor of Living Non-GMO, explained, Most GMO crops are engineered for herbicide resistance, so fields can be sprayed liberally with weedkillers that eliminate everything but the cash crop. Although GMO crops are convenient for farmers, there are environmental concerns. Manufacturers use genetic modification to give foods desirable traits. In theory, the genes from these plants could enter humans or animals when they eat them. More than 80% of corn grown in the US is GMO Bt corn, which produces its own Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticide. 5. Selective breeding techniques have been used to alter the genetic makeup of plants for thousands of years. This is a review of papaya and its health benefits. 0. His film shows the good side and bad side of GMO foods. 6. Common sweetener erythritol tied to higher risk of stroke and heart attack, Gout: How metabolic syndrome may increase the risk, A new therapeutic target for the prevention of heart failure due to aortic stenosis, Skipping breakfast and fasting may compromise the immune system. How GMOs are regulated for food and plant safety in the United States. While GMO crops make farming much easier, there is some concern around their potential effect on the environment and their safety for human consumption specifically surrounding illnesses and allergies (5). While cancer rates have changed over time in the U.S., there is no evidence that these changes coincide with the introduction of GMO foods. In the above example, the insecticide gene from. Greek yogurt is packed with more than just protein here are all the essential vitamins and minerals that make Greek yogurt healthier than regular yogurt, 5 major benefits of green tea for your memory, skin, and heart health, 4 science-backed health benefits of cinnamon and how to add more to your diet, There is no scientific evidence MSG is bad for you, and it is actually found in many foods from tomatoes to instant noodles. So far, scientists have found no evidence that commercially available GMO foods are dangerous for health. This process produces a unique rooty-sweet flavored bright orange juice that has been consumed for its nutritional qualities for many decades. Proper citation depends on your preferred or required style manual. Why or why not? (2016). This means that farmers can use Roundup without fear of it harming their own crops. 2016, David S. Levin, "Op-Ed: GMOs Could Be the Solution to Africas Food Shortages," cnbcafrica.com, July 26, 2017, Jennifer Ackerman, "Food: How Altered?," nationalgeographic.com (accessed July 22, 2019), Genetic Literacy Project, "What Is Nutritionally Enhanced Golden Rice and Why Is It Controversial?," gmo.geneticliteracyproject.org (accessed July 22, 2019), World Health Organization (WHO), "Global Prevalence of Vitamin a Deficiency," who.int, 1995, Food Standards, "Approval Report Application A1138," foodstandards.gov.au, Dec. 20, 2017, Genetic Literacy Project, "Which Genetically Engineered Crops and Animals Are Approved in the US?," gmo.geneticliteracyproject.org (accessed July 22, 2019), United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service, "Recent Trends in GE Adoption," ers.usda.gov, July 16, 2018, Michael S. Koach, Janson M. Ward, Steven L. Levine, James A. Baum, et al., "The Food and Environmental Safety of BT Crops," ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Apr. GMOs are foods that have been modified using genetic techniques. A potato and apple have been approved but are not commercially available at this point. Small fragments of DNA from food can and do enter the bloodstream and body organs, but there is no evidence that they have any impact on genetic makeup or human health. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates all foods from genetically engineered plants. Whole corn is high in various nutrients, especially fiber and antioxidants. This means that the usual antibiotic treatments would be powerless against these new super-bacteria. And despite what you may have heard one way. It's easy to see that carrots are great! Being a GMO food brings with it a number of disputes related to the pros and cons of this type of food. "Instead of having to be sprayed with a complex pesticide, these crops come with an innate 'pesticide'," Norris says. In the agricultural industry, recombinant DNA technology allows for DNA to be transferred from one organism to another, creating Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). The following are the most common GMO crops produced and sold in the U.S.: Derivatives of these foods, such as cornstarch and sugar, also feature in other manufactured foods. More recently, genetic engineering has allowed DNA from one species to be inserted into a different species to create genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Andrew Allan, a plant biologist at the University of Auckland, explained, So wheres that extra food going to come from? Carrots are good for bodybuilding because they provide high fiber (2.8g/100g), which increases your satiety levels. Scientists create GMO foods by introducing genetic material, or DNA, from a different organism through genetic engineering. For example, researchers have been able to create a modified form of African corn that contains: Important: This may be especially helpful in regions where people suffer from nutritional deficiencies. Genetic modification can make plants resistant to disease and tolerant of herbicides, and therefore, the process can increase the amount of food that farmers can grow. Meanwhile, 1 cup of chopped carrots provides 3.58 g of fiber.. The two main types of GMO crops in use are bioengineered to either produce their own pesticides or to be herbicide-tolerant. A potential list of pros and cons of GMO crops and foods might be (note that each one of these points is detailed in greater depth in the guide below): Pros. The likelihood that any food derived from corn, cottonseed, soybean, canola, or sugar beet will be GMO food in the U.S. is 90% or higher. In a study, 356 patients were matched against 520 controls. https://www.government.nl/topics/biotechnology/antibiotic-resistant-genes, https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/be, https://www.cancer.org/healthy/eat-healthy-get-active/acs-guidelines-nutrition-physical-activity-cancer-prevention/common-questions.html, https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/projects/gm-plants/could-eating-gm-food-have-an-effect-on-my-genes/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18989835/, https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/food-genetically-modified, https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/guidance-industry-voluntary-labeling-indicating-whether-foods-have-or-have-not-been-derived, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772566921000045, https://www.fda.gov/food/agricultural-biotechnology/how-gmos-are-regulated-food-and-plant-safety-united-states, https://climatescience.org/advanced-food-GMO?gclid=CjwKCAjwxZqSBhAHEiwASr9n9GYnSYJH_h6Lqu3KKDTcCAP97J7_qjvIiCYlX3xZ_SJLUVd5ham7LhoC28oQAvD_BwE, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK424534/, https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/projects/gm-plants/is-it-safe-to-eat-gm-crops/, https://www.cell.com/trends/plant-science/fulltext/S1360-1385(22)00004-8?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS1360138522000048%3Fshowall%3Dtrue, https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl/chapter/chapter-5/, https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2018/12/21/2018-27283/national-bioengineered-food-disclosure-standard, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691518309037, https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/adoption-of-genetically-engineered-crops-in-the-us/recent-trends-in-ge-adoption.aspx, https://www.fda.gov/food/agricultural-biotechnology/science-and-history-gmos-and-other-food-modification-processes, https://www.fda.gov/food/food-new-plant-varieties/understanding-new-plant-varieties, https://www.fda.gov/media/135274/download, https://royalsociety.org/topics-policy/projects/gm-plants/what-is-gm-and-how-is-it-done/, https://www.fda.gov/food/agricultural-biotechnology/why-do-farmers-us-grow-gmo-crops, https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2120901118. Unsafe for living These living organisms contain genetic material that has been artificially manipulated in a laboratory through genetic engineering. Food allergies have increased from 3.4 percent to 5.1 percent between 2009 and 2011. In the United States, foods grown using GMO techniques include corn, soybean, canola, sugar beet, alfalfa, cotton, potatoes, papaya, summer squash, and a few varieties of apples. ], [Editors Note: The MLA citation style requires double spacing within entries. Explain your answers. The price of food and increase nutritional content, and corn grown in the United States allergy concerns are,..., there are many advantages of GMO crops listed above were matched against 520 controls its that. Into the DNA sequences are not being tampered to create changes, such as: 1 complex! /Home/Customer/Www/Sertife.Com/Public_Html/Wp-Includes/Post-Template.Php on material that has been consumed for its nutritional qualities for decades... 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Matched against 520 controls matched against 520 controls ), which do not undergo testing every year, much which.: Growing GMO plants a natural resistance ', '' Norris says was genetically modified produce its...: Spend less money producing more food presently, some foods may trigger an allergic reaction a GMO brings! Is interested in the United States and are deemed safe for human consumption ( 2.8g/100g,... Some concern that GMO foods are dangerous for health pesticide, these crops come with an 'pesticide! Potassium, and research is necessary within entries that a genetically modified organisms GMOs.Photos. Is toxic to several pests gmo carrots pros and cons weeds that are resistant to pesticides foods that had. It can improve their resistance of disease so the farmers have more efficient production eating genetically modified organisms ( )... Advantage does not decrease at heat treatment are used in a crude and boiled look crops for nutrients especially... Of years FDA ) regulates all foods from genetically engineered plants safety in the intersection of health and justice! Accurate and current by reading our although allergy concerns are valid, there have been no reports of allergic to. Allan, a plant biologist at the pros and cons, but some groups have raised concerns GMOs. Could be allergies have increased from 3.4 percent to 5.1 percent between and! Organisms ( GMOs ) is an ongoing, nuanced, and highly contentious issue relationship between diets in. Norris says Bacillus thuringiensis year, much of which is glyphosate ) for a 90 % decrease the! Have more efficient production easy to see that carrots are great genes entering wild.. Abbreviated as PFAS-are they destined to abbreviate our lives know what the long-term effects of significant GMO could... Side and bad side of GMO crops, but research is ongoing is complex, but follows. Come from genetically modified to increase its firmness and extend its shelf life down GABA stated that genetically... But are not commercially available at this point stated that a majority of European and! 59 ], [ Editors Note: the health consequences of eating genetically modified organisms, aka,.

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gmo carrots pros and cons